Poland
Tier 2 Comprehensive law EuropePrincipal framework: GDPR + Personal Data Protection Act 2018 (2018). Regulator: UODO. Employer monitoring codified in the Labour Code; 160+ sectoral acts amended en bloc in 2019.
At a glance
- Criminal offences
- Yes — a dedicated offence carrying custody exists
- Public-sector fines
- Capped
- Principal law
- Ustawa z dnia 10 maja 2018 r. o ochronie danych osobowych [Act of 10 May 2018 on the Protection of Personal Data]
- Regulator
- Urząd Ochrony Danych Osobowych (UODO)
- Breach notification
- 72 hours to the supervisory authority (Art 33); undue-delay notice to individuals at high risk
- Maximum penalty
- Up to €20m or 4% of global annual turnover
- DPO required
- Public authorities; large-scale regular monitoring or special-category processing (Art 37)
- Digital consent age
- 16
- Extraterritorial reach
- Yes — targeting or monitoring people in the EU (Art 3(2))
- National implementing act
- Personal Data Protection Act 2018
Structure
- Structural pattern
- Not assessed
- Sub-jurisdictions
- None — no sub-national axis
- ISO code
- PL
A Pattern 4 jurisdiction has no sub-national layer to model. Devolution elsewhere in the legal system does not imply it here — check each Act rather than reasoning from the country.
Transfers and adequacy
- EU member
- Yes
- EEA member
- Yes
- Holds EU adequacy
- Yes
EU/EEA member — intra-EEA transfers need no adequacy decision.
Instruments
No instrument profiled yet.
Also applies here
Directly applicable as EU law, without national transposition. The national act supplements it rather than replacing it.
Sources
Never independently verified — seeded from the prototype.